Uluhlu lwe-RDV6-12 Umbane ophakamileyo we-AC Vacuum Circuit Breaker sisigaba se-3 A C12kV isixhobo sokutshintsha sangaphakathi sihlala sifaka kuMbindi wohlobo lwekhabhathi ye-KY28 uthotho, isitishi sohlobo lwebhokisi kunye nohlobo lwekhabhathi exhobileyo, njengomkhuseli kushishino, izixhobo zombane zeshishini kunye nokwenza kunye nokwaphulwa kwesekethe ukusuka. umthamo wangoku, ukulayisha ngokugqithisileyo kunye nokhuseleko olufutshane lwesekethe yangoku.Kwaye Ngenxa yokuba usebenzisa i-vacuum breaker, le mveliso ikhethekileyo ifanelekile kwindawo ehlala isebenza phantsi kwereyithingi isebenza ngoku, okanye ivule kwaye iqhawule i-short-circuit kaninzi.
1.Inkqubo yokusebenza eqinisekisiweyo
2.Ivolumu encinci, umthamo omkhulu
3.Umthamo we-wiring onamandla kakhulu
4.I-insulation enhle phakathi kwezigaba
5.I-Super-strong conductivity
I-6.Ukunyuka kweqondo eliphantsi kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla
I-RDV6-12 uchungechunge oluphezulu lwe-voltage ye-AC i-vacuum i-breaker circuit i-switchgear yangaphakathi ye-AC12kV enamandla yamanqanaba amathathu, eyenzelwe ngokukodwa ukukhuselwa kwezixhobo zombane kumashishini kunye nemigodi.Isixhobo sinokuqonda ngokuthembekileyo imisebenzi yokukhusela isiphaluka esivulekileyo, ukulayisha okwangoku, ukugqithiswa kwangoku kunye nokukhuselwa kwesiphaluka esifutshane ngokuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwezixhobo zombane.
I-RDV6-12 uchungechunge oluphezulu lwe-voltage ye-AC i-vacuum breaker yesekethe inezi mpawu zilandelayo:
1. Ikhono lokukhusela i-high-voltage: i-breaker breaker iyasebenza ekukhuseleni i-voltage ephezulu phantsi kwe-voltage ye-12kV, kwaye inokukhusela ngokufanelekileyo izixhobo kwimpembelelo ye-high-voltage current.
2. Umsebenzi wokukhusela othembekileyo: izixhobo zinokuqonda umsebenzi wokukhusela wesiphaluka esivulekileyo, ukulayisha ngoku, ukugqithiswa kwangoku kunye nokukhuselwa kwesiphaluka esifutshane, ukuqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo ziyakwazi ukunqumla ixesha elikhoyo ngexesha phantsi kweemeko ezingaqhelekanga kunye nokukhusela izixhobo emonakalweni.
3. Umsebenzi oqhelekileyo kunye nezihlandlo ezinamaqhekeza amaninzi kunye neesekethe ezimfutshane: i-circuit breaker ifanelekile ukuba isebenze rhoqo phantsi kwe-rated working current okanye i-times with multiple circuit breakers and short circuits ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwezixhobo phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo.
4. Ukuthembeka okuphezulu: i-RDV6-12 i-series ye-high-voltage ye-AC i-vacuum breaker ithatha iteknoloji ethembekileyo ye-vacuum circuit breaker, enokuthembeka okuphezulu, ukunciphisa umonakalo wezixhobo kunye nokungaphumeleli, kunye nokwandisa ubomi benkonzo yezixhobo.
5. Ufakelo olulula kunye nokugcinwa: izixhobo kulula ukuzifaka nokugcina, ukunciphisa iindleko zokugcinwa kwezixhobo, kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwezixhobo.
I-RDV6-12 ichungechunge lwe-voltage ephezulu ye-AC i-vacuum ye-circuit breaker sisixhobo esinokwethenjelwa kakhulu kwaye sisebenza ngokuphezulu, esinokukhusela ngokuthembekileyo izixhobo zombane kwimpembelelo yombane ophezulu wangoku kunye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwezixhobo.Isetyenziswa kakhulu kumashishini kunye namashishini emigodini nakwezinye iindawo ezifuna ukukhuselwa kwamandla ombane aphezulu.
Inkcazo yoMzekelo
Okusingqongileyo
a) Ubushushu: Ubukhulu +40C, Min -10C(30C, ugcino kunye nothutho)
b) Ubude: Ubukhulu buyi-2000m.Imfuno eyodwa iya kuthetha nathi.
c) Ukufuma okuhambelanayo: umndilili wosuku awusayi kuphinda ube ngama-95%, umndilili wenyanga awusayi kuba ngaphezulu kwama-90%.Kwaye umndilili wosuku loxinzelelo lomphunga awusayi kuba ngaphezulu kwe-2.2kPa, umyinge we-monthavareji ungadluli kwi-1.8kPa.Kwaye kwidate yokufuma okuphezulu, kuya kubanda, i
ukujiya kwamkelekile.
d) Inqanaba lenyikima: akukho ngaphezu kwenqanaba lesi-8
e) Faka indawo: ngaphandle komlilo, uqhushumbo, uthuli, ukubola kweekhemikhali, kucacile
Umsebenzi osisiseko kunye nophawu
I-1.Igumbi lokucima i-arc lithatha izinto zoqhagamshelwano ze-Cu Cr, kunye nesakhiwo soqhagamshelwano esimise okweNdebe ye-longitudinal magnetic field enezinga elincinane lokunxiba, i-Stable dielectric strengthrapid recovery after arc yokucima, inqanaba eliphantsi lokuvalwa, ukwenza amandla kunye nokuqhawula amandla, ubomi obude bombane.
2.Phakathi kwepali yokugquma kunye neqokobhe le-ceramic ye-vacuum arc yokucima igumbi.Usebenzisa i-silicon yerubha ye-rubber buffer, yongeza impembelelo yokumelana nokusebenza, Isambulela esinomgama omkhulu wokunyuka kumphezulu wentsika yepali, ukuphucula amandla ombane ukumelana nombane. kunye nempembelelo yombane yokumelana nombane, inokuhlangabezana neyona ndawo iphakamileyo yokuphakama kwemfuneko yobugcisa.
I-3.Isixhobo sokusebenza yindlela yokugcina amandla eNtwasahlobo yolungiselelo lwenqwelomoya, inokugcinwa kwezandla kunye nemisebenzi yokugcina imoto, ukuphucula uzinzo lokusebenza.
4. Lo matshini we-circuit breaker uyasebenza, wasebenzisa inkqubo ye-Permanent magnetic actuator, le ndlela inciphisa i-60% yamacandelo xa ithelekiswa nentwasahlobo eqhelekileyo, inciphisa izinga lempazamo ngenxa yamacandelo.
Igama | Iyunithi | Ixabiso | ||||||||||
Ixabiso lombane le-KV | 12 | |||||||||||
Inqanaba lokufakwa kwe-insulation | I-1min yamandla ombane wefrikhwensi yombane (esebenzayo) phakathi kwezigaba, ukuya emhlabeni/kwizibuko lekhefu | KV | 42/48 | |||||||||
Impembelelo yokukhanyisa imelana nomgangatho/izibuko lekhefu | 75/85 | |||||||||||
Ilinganiswe rhoqo | Hz | 50 | ||||||||||
Ikalwe ngoku | A | 630 | 1000 | 1250 | 1600 | 2000 | 2500 | 3150/4000 | ||||
Ireyithwe kwi-short-circuit breaking current | KA | 20 | 25 | 31.5 | 31.5 | 40 | 31.5 | 40 | ||||
Ulinganiso lwendlela emfutshane yokwenza yangoku(incopho) | 50 | 63 | 80 | 80 | 100 | 80 | 100 | |||||
Incopho elinganisiweyo ukumelana yangoku | 50 | 63 | 80 | 80 | 100 | 80 | 100 | |||||
Ilinganiswe ngexesha elifutshane ukumelana nangoku (isebenzayo) | 20 | 25 | 31.5 | 31.5 | 40 | 31.5 | 40 | |||||
Ireyithwe ixesha lokusebenza lokwaphulwa kwesekethe emfutshane | Ixesha | 50 | 30 | |||||||||
Ilinganiswe ngexesha eliqhubekayo lesekethe emfutshane | S | 4 | ||||||||||
Ilinganiswe ngokutshintsha iqela elinye kunye ne-back-toback capacitor | A | 630/400 | ||||||||||
Ireyithwe ngokulandelelana komsebenzi | Ukuvalwa kwakhona okuzenzekelayo | Ukuqhawula-0.3s-Vala kwaye uphule-180s-Vala kwaye uphule | ||||||||||
Ukungaphinde kuvalwe ngokuzenzekelayo | Ukuqhawula-180-Vala kwaye uphule-180s-Vala kwaye uphule | |||||||||||
Ubomi bomatshini | Ixesha | 20000 | ||||||||||
Ukuhamba kunye noqhagamshelwano olusisigxina olwamkelekileyo lokunxiba ubukhulu | mm | 3 |
Indawo yovavanyoSebenzisa indawo
I-KO-mechanical ngaphakathi kwi-anti-tripping relay | |||||||
Indlela yokusebenza yeP-manual | |||||||
Y1- Ukuvala i-electromagnetic | |||||||
HQ- Ukuqhekeza i-electromagnetic | |||||||
M- Ugcino lwamandla Motor | |||||||
I-S9- Iswitshi encedisayo kwindawo yokusebenza | |||||||
I-S8- Iswitshi encedisayo kwindawo yovavanyo | |||||||
S2- Tshixa umazibuthe oncedisayo | |||||||
S1- Ugcino lwamandla Micro switch | |||||||
I-QF- I-Circuit breaker engundoqo yoqhagamshelwano oluncedisayo |
I-Fig1 yedrowa yohlobo lwesaphuli sesekethe ngaphakathi komgaqo wombane(anti-tripping,lock, overload)
Ukusebenza koomatshini jonga kwiThebhile2
Into | Iyunithi | Idatha | ||||||||||
Qhagamshelana nomgama ovulekileyo | mm | 11±1 | ||||||||||
Qhagamshelana ngokugqithileyo | 3.5±0.5 | |||||||||||
Ikhefu lesigaba se-3 kwaye uvale i-Synchronism | ms | ≤2 | ||||||||||
Ixesha lokuvala unxibelelwano lokuvala | ≤2 | |||||||||||
Ixesha lokuphumla | ≤50 | |||||||||||
Ixesha lokuvala | ≤100 | |||||||||||
Umndilili wesantya sokuqhawuka | Nksk | 0.9~1.3 | ||||||||||
Isantya sokuvala esiphakathi | 0.4~0.8 | |||||||||||
Ukuvala amandla oqhagamshelwano | N | 20KA 25KA 31.5KA 40KA | ||||||||||
2000±200 2400±200 3100±200 4750±250 | ||||||||||||
Ukuhamba kunye nokunxibelelana okusisigxina okwamkelekileyo ukunxiba iingqimba | mm | 3 |
Sebenzisa idatha yobugcisa bomatshini jonga kwiThebhile3.
Sebenzisa unikezelo lwamandla | U-AC DC | |||||||||||
Umbane olinganisiweyo | 220V/110V | |||||||||||
Amandla alinganisiweyo | ukukhulula ukukhululwa | 264W | ||||||||||
ukuvala ukukhululwa | 264W | |||||||||||
Injini yokugcina amandla | 20KA 25KA 31.5KA | 40KA | ||||||||||
70W | 100W | |||||||||||
Ngokuqhelekileyo uluhlu lwevoltage yokusebenza | ukukhulula ukukhululwa | 65% ~ 120% Ixabiso lombane | ||||||||||
ukuvala ukukhululwa | I-85% -110% i-Voltage elinganisiweyo | |||||||||||
Injini yokugcina amandla | I-85% -110% i-Voltage elinganisiweyo | |||||||||||
Ixesha lokugcina amandla | <10s |
I-Y1: I-electromagnetic yokutshixa i-Y7-Y9: i-electromagnetic elayisha kakhulu i-KD: Ubuchwephesha obungaphakathi obuchasene nokuhamba
I-HQ: Ukuvala i-electromagnetic S2 Ukutshixa iswitshi yokuhamba nge-electromagnetic M: iswitshi yokugcina amandla S1: ugcino lwamandla Iswitshi encinci
I-QF:I-Circuit breaker engundoqo yoqhagamshelwano encedisana ne-TQ: Ukuvala i-electromagnetic
Umzobo we-2 Fixed uhlobo lwe-breaker circuit ngaphakathi kwidayagram yombane
Phawula:
1. Ukuhamba kwenqwelo yesandla kwikhabhinethi yi-200mm
2. Amanani akwizibiyeli amele imilinganiselo iyonke yee-circuit breakers ezinereyithingi yangoku engaphezulu kwe-1600A.
Umfanekiso wesi-3 Yenza imilinganiselo ye-handcart circuit breaker
I-RDV6-12 uchungechunge oluphezulu lwe-voltage ye-AC i-vacuum i-breaker circuit i-switchgear yangaphakathi ye-AC12kV enamandla yamanqanaba amathathu, eyenzelwe ngokukodwa ukukhuselwa kwezixhobo zombane kumashishini kunye nemigodi.Isixhobo sinokuqonda ngokuthembekileyo imisebenzi yokukhusela isiphaluka esivulekileyo, ukulayisha okwangoku, ukugqithiswa kwangoku kunye nokukhuselwa kwesiphaluka esifutshane ngokuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwezixhobo zombane.
I-RDV6-12 uchungechunge oluphezulu lwe-voltage ye-AC i-vacuum breaker yesekethe inezi mpawu zilandelayo:
1. Ikhono lokukhusela i-high-voltage: i-breaker breaker iyasebenza ekukhuseleni i-voltage ephezulu phantsi kwe-voltage ye-12kV, kwaye inokukhusela ngokufanelekileyo izixhobo kwimpembelelo ye-high-voltage current.
2. Umsebenzi wokukhusela othembekileyo: izixhobo zinokuqonda umsebenzi wokukhusela wesiphaluka esivulekileyo, ukulayisha ngoku, ukugqithiswa kwangoku kunye nokukhuselwa kwesiphaluka esifutshane, ukuqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo ziyakwazi ukunqumla ixesha elikhoyo ngexesha phantsi kweemeko ezingaqhelekanga kunye nokukhusela izixhobo emonakalweni.
3. Umsebenzi oqhelekileyo kunye nezihlandlo ezinamaqhekeza amaninzi kunye neesekethe ezimfutshane: i-circuit breaker ifanelekile ukuba isebenze rhoqo phantsi kwe-rated working current okanye i-times with multiple circuit breakers and short circuits ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwezixhobo phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo.
4. Ukuthembeka okuphezulu: i-RDV6-12 i-series ye-high-voltage ye-AC i-vacuum breaker ithatha iteknoloji ethembekileyo ye-vacuum circuit breaker, enokuthembeka okuphezulu, ukunciphisa umonakalo wezixhobo kunye nokungaphumeleli, kunye nokwandisa ubomi benkonzo yezixhobo.
5. Ufakelo olulula kunye nokugcinwa: izixhobo kulula ukuzifaka nokugcina, ukunciphisa iindleko zokugcinwa kwezixhobo, kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwezixhobo.
I-RDV6-12 ichungechunge lwe-voltage ephezulu ye-AC i-vacuum ye-circuit breaker sisixhobo esinokwethenjelwa kakhulu kwaye sisebenza ngokuphezulu, esinokukhusela ngokuthembekileyo izixhobo zombane kwimpembelelo yombane ophezulu wangoku kunye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwezixhobo.Isetyenziswa kakhulu kumashishini kunye namashishini emigodini nakwezinye iindawo ezifuna ukukhuselwa kwamandla ombane aphezulu.
Inkcazo yoMzekelo
Okusingqongileyo
a) Ubushushu: Ubukhulu +40C, Min -10C(30C, ugcino kunye nothutho)
b) Ubude: Ubukhulu buyi-2000m.Imfuno eyodwa iya kuthetha nathi.
c) Ukufuma okuhambelanayo: umndilili wosuku awusayi kuphinda ube ngama-95%, umndilili wenyanga awusayi kuba ngaphezulu kwama-90%.Kwaye umndilili wosuku loxinzelelo lomphunga awusayi kuba ngaphezulu kwe-2.2kPa, umyinge we-monthavareji ungadluli kwi-1.8kPa.Kwaye kwidate yokufuma okuphezulu, kuya kubanda, i
ukujiya kwamkelekile.
d) Inqanaba lenyikima: akukho ngaphezu kwenqanaba lesi-8
e) Faka indawo: ngaphandle komlilo, uqhushumbo, uthuli, ukubola kweekhemikhali, kucacile
Umsebenzi osisiseko kunye nophawu
I-1.Igumbi lokucima i-arc lithatha izinto zoqhagamshelwano ze-Cu Cr, kunye nesakhiwo soqhagamshelwano esimise okweNdebe ye-longitudinal magnetic field enezinga elincinane lokunxiba, i-Stable dielectric strengthrapid recovery after arc yokucima, inqanaba eliphantsi lokuvalwa, ukwenza amandla kunye nokuqhawula amandla, ubomi obude bombane.
2.Phakathi kwepali yokugquma kunye neqokobhe le-ceramic ye-vacuum arc yokucima igumbi.Usebenzisa i-silicon yerubha ye-rubber buffer, yongeza impembelelo yokumelana nokusebenza, Isambulela esinomgama omkhulu wokunyuka kumphezulu wentsika yepali, ukuphucula amandla ombane ukumelana nombane. kunye nempembelelo yombane yokumelana nombane, inokuhlangabezana neyona ndawo iphakamileyo yokuphakama kwemfuneko yobugcisa.
I-3.Isixhobo sokusebenza yindlela yokugcina amandla eNtwasahlobo yolungiselelo lwenqwelomoya, inokugcinwa kwezandla kunye nemisebenzi yokugcina imoto, ukuphucula uzinzo lokusebenza.
4. Lo matshini we-circuit breaker uyasebenza, wasebenzisa inkqubo ye-Permanent magnetic actuator, le ndlela inciphisa i-60% yamacandelo xa ithelekiswa nentwasahlobo eqhelekileyo, inciphisa izinga lempazamo ngenxa yamacandelo.
Igama | Iyunithi | Ixabiso | ||||||||||
Ixabiso lombane le-KV | 12 | |||||||||||
Inqanaba lokufakwa kwe-insulation | I-1min yamandla ombane wefrikhwensi yombane (esebenzayo) phakathi kwezigaba, ukuya emhlabeni/kwizibuko lekhefu | KV | 42/48 | |||||||||
Impembelelo yokukhanyisa imelana nomgangatho/izibuko lekhefu | 75/85 | |||||||||||
Ilinganiswe rhoqo | Hz | 50 | ||||||||||
Ikalwe ngoku | A | 630 | 1000 | 1250 | 1600 | 2000 | 2500 | 3150/4000 | ||||
Ireyithwe kwi-short-circuit breaking current | KA | 20 | 25 | 31.5 | 31.5 | 40 | 31.5 | 40 | ||||
Ulinganiso lwendlela emfutshane yokwenza yangoku(incopho) | 50 | 63 | 80 | 80 | 100 | 80 | 100 | |||||
Incopho elinganisiweyo ukumelana yangoku | 50 | 63 | 80 | 80 | 100 | 80 | 100 | |||||
Ilinganiswe ngexesha elifutshane ukumelana nangoku (isebenzayo) | 20 | 25 | 31.5 | 31.5 | 40 | 31.5 | 40 | |||||
Ireyithwe ixesha lokusebenza lokwaphulwa kwesekethe emfutshane | Ixesha | 50 | 30 | |||||||||
Ilinganiswe ngexesha eliqhubekayo lesekethe emfutshane | S | 4 | ||||||||||
Ilinganiswe ngokutshintsha iqela elinye kunye ne-back-toback capacitor | A | 630/400 | ||||||||||
Ireyithwe ngokulandelelana komsebenzi | Ukuvalwa kwakhona okuzenzekelayo | Ukuqhawula-0.3s-Vala kwaye uphule-180s-Vala kwaye uphule | ||||||||||
Ukungaphinde kuvalwe ngokuzenzekelayo | Ukuqhawula-180-Vala kwaye uphule-180s-Vala kwaye uphule | |||||||||||
Ubomi bomatshini | Ixesha | 20000 | ||||||||||
Ukuhamba kunye noqhagamshelwano olusisigxina olwamkelekileyo lokunxiba ubukhulu | mm | 3 |
Indawo yovavanyoSebenzisa indawo
I-KO-mechanical ngaphakathi kwi-anti-tripping relay | |||||||
Indlela yokusebenza yeP-manual | |||||||
Y1- Ukuvala i-electromagnetic | |||||||
HQ- Ukuqhekeza i-electromagnetic | |||||||
M- Ugcino lwamandla Motor | |||||||
I-S9- Iswitshi encedisayo kwindawo yokusebenza | |||||||
I-S8- Iswitshi encedisayo kwindawo yovavanyo | |||||||
S2- Tshixa umazibuthe oncedisayo | |||||||
S1- Ugcino lwamandla Micro switch | |||||||
I-QF- I-Circuit breaker engundoqo yoqhagamshelwano oluncedisayo |
I-Fig1 yedrowa yohlobo lwesaphuli sesekethe ngaphakathi komgaqo wombane(anti-tripping,lock, overload)
Ukusebenza koomatshini jonga kwiThebhile2
Into | Iyunithi | Idatha | ||||||||||
Qhagamshelana nomgama ovulekileyo | mm | 11±1 | ||||||||||
Qhagamshelana ngokugqithileyo | 3.5±0.5 | |||||||||||
Ikhefu lesigaba se-3 kwaye uvale i-Synchronism | ms | ≤2 | ||||||||||
Ixesha lokuvala unxibelelwano lokuvala | ≤2 | |||||||||||
Ixesha lokuphumla | ≤50 | |||||||||||
Ixesha lokuvala | ≤100 | |||||||||||
Umndilili wesantya sokuqhawuka | Nksk | 0.9~1.3 | ||||||||||
Isantya sokuvala esiphakathi | 0.4~0.8 | |||||||||||
Ukuvala amandla oqhagamshelwano | N | 20KA 25KA 31.5KA 40KA | ||||||||||
2000±200 2400±200 3100±200 4750±250 | ||||||||||||
Ukuhamba kunye nokunxibelelana okusisigxina okwamkelekileyo ukunxiba iingqimba | mm | 3 |
Sebenzisa idatha yobugcisa bomatshini jonga kwiThebhile3.
Sebenzisa unikezelo lwamandla | U-AC DC | |||||||||||
Umbane olinganisiweyo | 220V/110V | |||||||||||
Amandla alinganisiweyo | ukukhulula ukukhululwa | 264W | ||||||||||
ukuvala ukukhululwa | 264W | |||||||||||
Injini yokugcina amandla | 20KA 25KA 31.5KA | 40KA | ||||||||||
70W | 100W | |||||||||||
Ngokuqhelekileyo uluhlu lwevoltage yokusebenza | ukukhulula ukukhululwa | 65% ~ 120% Ixabiso lombane | ||||||||||
ukuvala ukukhululwa | I-85% -110% i-Voltage elinganisiweyo | |||||||||||
Injini yokugcina amandla | I-85% -110% i-Voltage elinganisiweyo | |||||||||||
Ixesha lokugcina amandla | <10s |
I-Y1: I-electromagnetic yokutshixa i-Y7-Y9: i-electromagnetic elayisha kakhulu i-KD: Ubuchwephesha obungaphakathi obuchasene nokuhamba
I-HQ: Ukuvala i-electromagnetic S2 Ukutshixa iswitshi yokuhamba nge-electromagnetic M: iswitshi yokugcina amandla S1: ugcino lwamandla Iswitshi encinci
I-QF:I-Circuit breaker engundoqo yoqhagamshelwano encedisana ne-TQ: Ukuvala i-electromagnetic
Umzobo we-2 Fixed uhlobo lwe-breaker circuit ngaphakathi kwidayagram yombane
Phawula:
1. Ukuhamba kwenqwelo yesandla kwikhabhinethi yi-200mm
2. Amanani akwizibiyeli amele imilinganiselo iyonke yee-circuit breakers ezinereyithingi yangoku engaphezulu kwe-1600A.
Umfanekiso wesi-3 Yenza imilinganiselo ye-handcart circuit breaker