Amandla elanga, kunye nokugcinwa kwawo okuninzi kunye nokusasazwa ngokubanzi, ngowona mthombo wamandla avuselelekayo othembisayo kwinkulungwane yama-21. Njengoko imiba yehlabathi efana nokunqongophala kwamandla kunye nongcoliseko lokusingqongileyo isanda, ukuveliswa kwamandla elanga e-photovoltaic kuye kwavela njengeshishini eliphuhlisayo elicwangcisiweyo elibekwe phambili ngamazwe kwihlabathi liphela, ngenxa yokucoceka kwalo, ukhuseleko, ukulula kunye nokusebenza kakuhle okuphezulu. Kwizikhululo zamandla e-photovoltaic ezinkulu neziphakathi, iziseko ze-PV ezikwindawo enye kunye neeprojekthi zokudibanisa ukugcinwa komthwalo wegridi yomthombo,I-35kV ye-Photovoltaic Combined Transformer/Isitishi Esingaphantsi Esihlanganisiweyo sabantuIthatha imisebenzi ephambili yokuguqula amandla, ukuqokelela, ukunyusa inyathelo, ukhuseleko kunye nolawulo olukrelekrele. Isebenza njengesixhobo esiphambili sehabhu esidibanisa ii-photovoltaic arrays, ii-inverters kunye negridi yamandla kawonkewonke. Eli nqaku lichaza ngokucwangcisiweyo imisebenzi ephambili, iimeko zesicelo, iingenelo zokukhetha, iindlela zokukhetha zesayensi kunye nexabiso lesicelo semveliso, inika isalathiso sobuchwephesha sotyalo-mali, uyilo, ulwakhiwo kunye nokusebenza kunye nokugcinwa kwezikhululo zamandla ze-photovoltaic.
I. Imisebenzi ephambili ye-35kV Photovoltaic Combined Transformer/Preassembled Substation
I-35kV ye-Photovoltaic Combined Transformer/Isitishi Esihlanganisiweyo Sabantu samkela i-uyilo lwemodyuli olulungisiweyo olusefektri, oludityaniswe ngokupheleleyo nolulungele ukufakelwa, equka izicwangciso ezintathu zesakhiwo: Isitishi esingaphantsi sesitayile saseMelika (isakhiwo se-ZGS-Z), isitishi esingaphantsi sesitayile saseTshayina (isakhiwo se-YBG) kunye nesitishi esingaphantsi sesitayile saseYurophu (imodeli efanayo nesitishi esingaphantsi sesitayile saseTshayina). Idibanisa kakhulu ii-transformers ze-step-up, izixhobo zokusasaza ezine-voltage ephezulu, iiyunithi zokusasaza ezine-voltage ephantsi, iinkqubo zokukhusela i-relay, iimodyuli zokubeka esweni ezikrelekrele, izixhobo zokubuyisela amandla ezisebenzayo kunye neenkqubo zokukhusela umbane kunye nokubeka umhlaba, zenza imisebenzi emininzi engenakutshintshwa kwizikhululo zamandla ze-photovoltaic:
1.Ukunyuka kwamandla kunye nokudluliselwa komgama omde
Iyanyusa ngokuzinzileyo i-low-voltage alternating current (0.27kV/0.3kV/0.315kV/0.4kV) output yi-photovoltaic inverters ukuya kwi-35kV/36.75kV/38.5kV grade, kunye ne-voltage ephezulu yokusebenza yecala le-high-voltage ifikelela kwi-40.5kV. Iyahlangabezana neemfuno ze-voltage yoqhagamshelo lwegridi, inciphisa kakhulu ilahleko yomgca ngexesha lokudluliselwa kwamandla okude kwaye iphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokudluliselwa kwamandla, ifanelekile kwiimfuno zokudluliselwa kwamandla zeziseko ze-PV eziphakathi ezinomthamo oqala kwi-1000kVA ukuya kwi-1250kVA.
2.Ukuhlanganiswa kweNkqubo kunye noLawulo loSasazo lwaMandla
Idibanisa imisebenzi efana nomgca ongenayo we-voltage ephezulu, umgca ophumayo we-voltage ephezulu, ukhuseleko lwe-transformer, ujongano lonxibelelwano lwegridi ye-voltage ephantsi kunye nokulinganisa amandla ombane, ukwenza ukuqokelelwa okuphakathi, ukusasazwa kunye nolawulo olucwangcisiweyo lwamandla e-multi-circuit kwiindawo ze-photovoltaic. Phakathi kwazo, i-substation yesitayile saseMelika isebenzisa uyilo lwe-co-box, idibanisa izinto eziphambili ezifana nokutshintsha umthwalo kunye nee-fuse kwi-transformer tank enesakhiwo esincinci; i-substations yesitayile saseTshayina kunye nesitayile saseYurophu zi-substations ezihlanganiswe kwangaphambili ezine-modular partition layout ecacileyo, ithatha indawo ye-multi-device discrete mode ye-substations yesintu ye-decentralized civil engineering kunye nokwenza lula i-wiring yenkqubo yokuqala neyesibini.
3.Ukhuseleko olupheleleyo
Yakhelwe ngaphakathi ngezinto ezintathu eziphambili zokukhusela:Uhlobo lwe-BYFI-40.5 olunombane ophezulu olufakwe kwi-oyile emanzi(umlinganiselo wangoku ongu-630A, ubomi benkonzo yoomatshini obuphindwe ka-2000, i-frequency yamandla imelana ne-voltage engama-95kV),I-fuse ye-XRNT-40.5 enamandla aphezulu(i-short-circuit breaking current 31.5kA, ii-fuse zinokutshintshwa lula kwindawo) kwayeIjakethi yerabha yesilicon ye-YH5WZ-51/134 yohlobo lwe-zinc oxide arrester(uyilo olungenazikhewu, i-residual voltage ye-nominal discharge current ≤134kV, kunye nokusebenza okungenakuqhuma). Idityaniswe ne-protection logic efana ne-overcurrent, differential, zero-sequence, overtemperature kunye ne-anti-islanding protection, isebenza ngokukhawuleza ukunqumla i-fault circuit phantsi kweemeko zokusebenza ezifana ne-overload, i-short circuit, i-insulation abnormality kunye ne-lightning impulse, iqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwee-photovoltaic arrays, ii-inverters, i-substation ngokwayo kunye nezixhobo ze-grid-side.
4.Ukusebenza okuBukrelekrele kunye noLondolozo kunye nokuQondwa kwedatha
Ixhotyiswe ngokubeka esweni ubushushu, ukubeka esweni ukukhutshwa okungaphelelanga kunye neemodyuli zokufumana iiparameter zombane, ezixhasa unxibelelwano lweprotocol ezininzi ukuze ziqhagamshele kwiqonga lokubeka esweni isikhululo samandla, zifezekise ukulayisha imeko yokusebenza ngexesha langempela, isilumkiso sangaphambi kwexesha kunye nokuvula/ukucima kude. Okwangoku, ilungiselelwe ngeIsiguquli sokukhanyisa nokulungisa sohlobo lwe-SG10ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zombane zokuhlolwa kwemihla ngemihla kunye nokugcinwa kwezixhobo, ukuphucula ukulula kokusebenza kunye nokugcinwa kwazo.
5.Ukuphuculwa koMgangatho waMandla
I-transformer isebenzisa iilebhile zeqela lonxibelelwano lwe-Yd11 kunye ne-d11, kunye ne-impedance elawulwa kwi-6.5%, ithintela ngempumelelo ukuphambuka kwe-harmonic. Isebenzisana nezixhobo zokuhlawula amandla asebenzayo, inokuzinzisa amandla angaphezu kwe-0.98, ihlangabezane nemigangatho enyanzelekileyo ye-GB/T 19964 yomgangatho wamandla oqhagamshelwe kwigridi ye-photovoltaic kwaye iphephe imida yokuveliswa kwegridi kunye neentlawulo zovavanyo.
II. Imizekelo eqhelekileyo yokusetyenziswa
Le mveliso yenzelwe ngokukodwa iimeko ze-photovoltaic zangaphandle, kunye neemeko zayo zokusebenza ezilinganiselweyo ngokungqongqo, zigubungela ezi meko zilandelayo ziphambili:
1. Izikhululo zoMbane zePhotovoltaic eziPhakathi eziGqibeleleyo
Ifanelekile kwiziseko ze-PV zasentlango, eGobi naselunxwemeni ezinokuphakama okungu-≤1000m, ubushushu obuphakathi -25℃ ~ +45℃ kunye nesantya somoya esingu-≤35m/s. Umthamo weyunithi enye ugubungela i-1000kVA, i-1100kVA kunye ne-1250kVA, kwaye iiyunithi ezininzi zinokudityaniswa ngaxeshanye ukuze kufezekiswe ukunyusa amandla kunye nokudluliselwa kwamandla okuphakathi. Ezi zixhobo ziyahlangabezana neemfuno zomgangatho wenyikima wokukhawulezisa ngokuthe tye okungu-0.3m/s² kunye nokukhawulezisa ngokuthe nkqo okungu-0.15m/s², kunye nomgangatho wokuthintela ungcoliseko ofikelela kwiNqanaba lesi-2, kwaye zinokumelana nemozulu enzima enomoya omkhulu, isanti kunye nothuli.
2. Iiprojekthi zokusetyenziswa kwe-Photovoltaic + eziBanzi
Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindlela ezidityanisiweyo ezifana nokudibanisa kwezolimo-i-photovoltaic, ukuhambelana kwe-fishery-photovoltaic kunye nokudibanisa kwamahlathi-i-photovoltaic. Itanki yepetroli inomgangatho wokhuselekoIP68(ziyakwazi ukusebenza xa zifakwe emanzini), ii-voltage chambers eziphezulu neziphantsi zinezinga lokhuseleko le-IP54, kwaye i-high-voltage chamber isagcina ukhuseleko lwe-IP3X xa ucango luvuliwe. Ziyaqhelana neendawo ezikhethekileyo ezifana nokufuma okuphezulu, ityuwa kunye nokuqokelelwa kwamanzi. Ukufakwa kwezixhobo akuthathi indawo yokulima kunye nokuzala, kufezekisa "umhlaba omnye wokusetyenziswa kabini".
3. Iiprojekthi ezinkulu ze-Photovoltaic ezisasazwe kwiindawo zoshishino nezorhwebo
Kwiiprojekthi ze-photovoltaic ezisasazwe ngaphezulu kwe-6MW kwiindawo zoshishino nakwiindawo ezinkulu zorhwebo, i-substation yesitayile saseMelika, enezibonelelo zobukhulu obuncinci, ilahleko ephantsi kunye nokufakelwa okulula, ifanelekile kwiindawo zekona zophahla kunye nezefektri; i-substation yesitayile saseTshayina kunye neyesitayile saseYurophu ziyahlangabezana neemfuno zokwakha ezisemgangathweni zezikhululo zamandla ezinkulu ezidityaniswe kakhulu, zikhawuleza zifezekise ukusetyenziswa kwazo kunye noqhagamshelo lwegridi yamandla engaphezulu.
4. Iiprojekthi ezenziwe ngokwezifiso kwiindawo ezikhethekileyo
Kwiimeko ezingaphaya kweemeko zokusebenza eziqhelekileyo ezifana nokuphakama okuphezulu, ukubanda okukhulu kunye nobushushu obugqithisileyo, umenzi unokubonelela ngoyilo olukhethekileyo, olufana nokuphucula inqanaba lobushushu, ukongeza inkqubo yokulawula ubushushu bomoya onyanzelisiweyo/umbane kunye nokusebenzisa uphahla olunzima oluchasene nokugqwala, oluhambelana nokwakhiwa kwezikhululo zamandla ze-photovoltaic ezikhethekileyo kwiindawo ezikude, iziqithi kunye neendawo zemigodi.
III. Iingenelo Eziphambili Zokukhetha Abantu Izixhobo Zombane ze-35kV Photovoltaic Combined Transformer/Preassembled Substation
Xa kuthelekiswa nezitishi zemveli zobunjineli bokwakha, izitishi zebhokisi zenqanaba le-10kV kunye nokudibanisa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo, imveliso ineengenelo ezibalulekileyo kubuchwepheshe, uqoqosho, ixesha lokwakha kunye nokuthembeka:
1. IiSkimu Ezintathu Zolwakhiwo Ezihambelana ngokuchanekileyo Neemfuno Zeprojekthi
●Isitishi esingaphantsi sesitayile saseMelika (isakhiwo se-ZGS-Z): Uyilo lwebhokisi ye-co-box, kunye nezixhobo ezidityaniswe kwitanki yepetroli, ubungakanani obuncinci, ubunzima obulula kunye nesantya sokufakela esikhawulezayo, zifanelekile kwiiprojekthi ze-photovoltaic ezisasazwe ngesithuba esincinci. Ulondolozo lwemihla ngemihla aludingi zixhobo zobungcali, nto leyo enciphisa iindleko zokusebenza kunye nokugcinwa.
●Isitishi esincinci sesitayile samaTshayina/saseYurophu (isakhiwo se-YBG): Uyilo lwemodyuli olulungiselelwe kwangaphambili, olunegumbi le-voltage ephezulu, igumbi le-transformer kunye negumbi le-voltage ephantsi elahlulwe ngokwahlukeneyo, ukusasazwa kobushushu okuhle kunye nokwandiswa okunamandla, olufanelekileyo kwiimfuno zokwakha ezisemgangathweni nezinkulu zezikhululo zamandla ezinkulu ze-photovoltaic eziphakathi.
2.Ukuhlanganiswa Okuphezulu, Kufinyeza Kakhulu Ixesha Lokwakha
Zonke izixhobo ziyahlanganiswa, zifakelwe iingcingo, zithunyelwe kwaye zivavanywe ngohlobo lwefektri. Kufuneka ulwakhiwo lwesiseko kuphela kwindawo leyo, ukufakelwa kwe-integral hoisting, uqhagamshelo lweentambo kunye nokwamkelwa koqhagamshelo lwegridi. Ixesha lokwakha lifinyezwa ngama-60%—70% xa kuthelekiswa nesicwangciso sendabuko, oku kwenza kube lula ukuqalisa ukusebenza kwesikhululo samandla kunye nokuveliswa kombane, kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-capital turnover.
3. Ukuguquguquka Okuqinileyo Kwendalo Kwimisebenzi Yangaphandle Ezinzileyo Yonke Imozulu
Le khabhini isebenzisa ubushushu obuphindwe kabini kunye nesakhiwo sokulwa nokugqwala, kunye netanki yepetroli yomgangatho ophezulu we-IP68, enokumelana nemozulu embi kakhulu efana nezikhukula, ityuwa kunye nothuli lwesanti. Ayidingi gumbi loomatshini bobunjineli bokwakha kunye nendawo enkulu ebiyelweyo, ngakumbi efanelekileyo yokusebenza ixesha elide kwiimeko zentsimi ezingajongwanga.
4. Uyilo lweLahleko eliphantsi lokuphucula iingenelo zoMjikelo woBomi bonke weSitishi soMbane
Ukulahleka komthwalo kunye nokulahleka komthwalo kwetransformer kunokwenziwa ngokwezifiso kwaye kuphuculwe ngokweemfuno zabathengi. Xa zidityaniswe noyilo oluphantsi lwe-impedance, ukulahlekelwa ngokwakho kuncitshiswa nge-10%—20% xa kuthelekiswa neemfuno zomgangatho wesizwe, nto leyo ephucula ingeniso yombane yesikhululo samandla ngexesha lokusebenza kweminyaka engama-25.
5. Isiqinisekiso esipheleleyo kunye nesiqinisekiso senkonzo
Le mveliso iphumelele uvavanyo olupheleleyo lohlobo, kwaye inqanaba layo lobushushu kunye nenqanaba lokumelana nombane konke kuyahlangabezana nemigangatho yesizwe. Umenzi ubonelela ngeenkonzo zenkqubo epheleleyo ezifana nokukhutshelwa kwedatha yokukhetha, ukwenziwa ngokwezifiso kwesikimu sobugcisa kunye nesikhokelo sokufakela kwindawo, kunye nomnxeba ophendula ngokukhawuleza emva kokuthengisa 400-898-1166 ophendula ngokukhawuleza kwiimfuno zokusebenza kunye nokugcinwa.
IV. Ukhetho Lwesayensi: Indlela Yokukhetha I-35kV Photovoltaic Combined Transformer/Preassembled Substation Efanelekileyo
Ukukhetha kufuneka kumiselwe ngokupheleleyo ngokusekelwe kumthamo wesikhululo samandla, iiparameter ze-inverter, iimeko zoqhagamshelo lwegridi, iimpawu zokusingqongileyo kunye neemfuno zokusebenza nokugcinwa, kulandelwa amanyathelo aphambili kunye nezikhombisi ezingezantsi:
1. Chonga iSkimu soLwakhiwo kunye nokuHlanganisa uBuchule
♦ Kwiiprojekthi ze-photovoltaic ezisasazwe kunye neeprojekthi ezinesithuba esincinci, isakhiwo sesitishi esincinci sesitayile saseMelika siyakhethwa; kwizikhululo zamandla ezinkulu ezikwindawo enye kunye neeprojekthi ezisemgangathweni, isakhiwo sesitishi esincinci sesitayile saseTshayina/saseYurophu siyakhethwa.
♦ Bala umthamo olinganisiweyo wesitishi esinye sohlobo lwebhokisi ngokwe-output power iyonke ye-inverter, inani leendawo zoqhagamshelo lwegridi kunye nesantya sokudibana komthwalo. Iinkcukacha eziphambili yi-1000kVA (i-voltage ephezulu 35kV), i-1100kVA (i-voltage ephezulu 36.75kV) kunye ne-1250kVA (i-voltage ephezulu 38.5kV). Gcina umda we-10%—15% ukuze ujongane nokuguquguquka kokukhanya kunye nokwandiswa komthamo okulandelayo.
2. Ukulinganisa iVoltage kunye neNqanaba lokuGqibela
♦I-input voltage yecala elinombane ophantsi kufuneka ihambelane ngokuthe ngqo ne-inverter output (iinketho ezine: 0.27kV/0.3kV/0.315kV/0.4kV), kwaye i-output voltage yecala elinombane ophakamileyo kufuneka ihambelane ne-grid access voltage (35kV/36.75kV/38.5kV).
♦ Qinisekisa ukuba inqanaba lokufakelwa kwe-insulation liyahlangabezana neemfuno zeprojekthi: i-high-voltage switch power frequency imelana ne-voltage 95kV, i-transformer body power frequency imelana ne-voltage 85kV, i-impulse peak imelana ne-voltage 200kV. Kwiiprojekthi eziphakamileyo, umda we-insulation kufuneka uqinisekiswe ngakumbi.
3. Ukhuseleko lweNdalo kunye noKhetho lweZakhiwo
♦Kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo zangaphandle, khetha ubume obuqhelekileyo (iNqanaba lesi-2 lokuthintela ungcoliseko, inqanaba le-seismic 0.3m/s²); kwiimeko ezihambelana netyuwa elunxwemeni kunye neemeko ezihambelanayo zokuloba nge-photovoltaic, phucula uye kwitanki yamafutha ye-IP68 + ugqubuthelo olunzima lokuthintela ukugqwala; kwiindawo ezibandayo/ezishushu kakhulu, lungiselela ukufudumeza ngombane kunye neenkqubo zokulawula ubushushu bomoya obunyanzelekileyo.
♦ Beka phambili isakhiwo sokwahlulahlula esizimeleyo esilungiselelwe uhlobo lwekhabhini ukuze kuphuculwe ukucocwa kobushushu, ukugcinwa kunye nokwandiswa komthamo.
4. Ukukhethwa kweeCandelo zoKhuselo kunye noCwangciso oluBukrelekrele
♦Uqwalaselo oluqhelekileyo lusebenzisa indibaniselwano yokhuseleko ye-BYFI-40.5 load switch + XRNT-40.5 fuse + YH5WZ-51/134 arrester. Kwizikhululo zamandla ezinkulu, yongeza ukhuselo lokwahluka kunye nokhuselo lwe-arc.
♦ Khetha iimodyuli zokubeka esweni ezikrelekrele xa zifuneka, ezixhasa imisebenzi ephucukileyo efana nonxibelelwano olukude, ukubeka esweni ukukhutshwa okuncinci kunye ne-digital twin, ukuze zilungelelanise neemfuno zokusebenza kunye nokugcinwa kwezikhululo zamandla ezingajongwanga.
V. Isiphelo
Ngokuchasene notshintsho lwesakhiwo samandla sehlabathi ukuya kwi-carbon ecocekileyo nephantsi, ukuveliswa kwamandla e-photovoltaic kuye kwatshintsha ukusuka kumthombo wamandla owongezelelweyo ukuya kumthombo wamandla oyintloko, kunye neziseko ezinkulu neziphakathi ze-photovoltaic kunye neeprojekthi zamandla ezibanzi zibe yeyona nto iphambili yokwakha.I-35kV ye-Photovoltaic Combined Transformer/Isitishi Esingaphantsi Esihlanganisiweyo sabantuIlungelelanisa ngokulula iimeko ezahlukeneyo ngezicwangciso ezintathu zesakhiwo, kwaye ibe sisixhobo soqhagamshelo lwegridi esiphambili kwizikhululo zamandla ze-photovoltaic zanamhlanje ezineenzuzo eziphambili zokudibanisa okuphezulu, ukonga umbane kunye nelahleko ephantsi, ukhuseleko oluphezulu lwe-IP68 kunye nobuhlobo obukrelekrele.
Le mveliso ayisombululi nje kuphela iingxaki zokuqokelelwa kwamandla kunye nokuhanjiswa komgama omde kwizikhululo zamandla ezinkulu, kodwa ikwaqhelana neemeko ezinzima ezifana nezolimo-i-photovoltaic, ezokuloba-i-photovoltaic kunye neemeko ezisasazwayo kwimizi-mveliso-yorhwebo, idlala indima engenakutshintshwa ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kakuhle kwezikhululo zamandla, ukunciphisa iindleko zotyalo-mali, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okukhuselekileyo nokuzinzileyo kunye nokuxhasa ukusebenza okukrelekrele kunye nokugcinwa. Ukukhetha kwenzululwazi kunye noqwalaselo olufanelekileyo zizitshixo zokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekileyo kwexesha elide kwezixhobo. Kubalulekile ukwenza izigqibo ezipheleleyo ukusuka kubukhulu besikimu solwakhiwo, ukuhambelana kwamandla, ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo, ingqiqo yokhuseleko kunye nenkonzo yomenzi, kwaye ukhethe iimveliso ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezihlangabezana nemigangatho yesizwe, iinkcukacha zegridi kunye neempawu zeprojekthi.
Ngokuqhubeka nokuhlaziywa kweteknoloji entsha yamandla kunye nokwakhiwa kweenkqubo ezintsha zamandla, i-People Electric Appliance's 35kV Photovoltaic Combined Transformer/Preassembled Substation iya kuphuculwa iye ekudityanisweni okuphezulu, ilahleko ephantsi kunye nobukrelekrele obuphezulu, inika inkxaso eqinileyo yezixhobo zophuhliso oluphezulu lweshishini le-photovoltaic kunye nokufezekisa iinjongo "zekhabhoni ezimbini".
Ixesha lokuthumela: Feb-09-2026
